Type Members

1.  class IllegalValue extends Value with IsIllegalValue

   Represents a value that has no well defined state/type.

   Represents a value that has no well defined state/type. Such values are either the result of a join of two incompatible values or if the variable was identified as being dead. IllegalValue's are only found in registers (in the locals).

   Attributes

   protected

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

   See also

   org.opalj.ai.Domain.Value for further details.

2.  trait RETValue extends Value with IsReturnAddressValue

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

3.  trait ReferenceValue extends TypedValue[ReferenceType] with IsReferenceValue

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

4.  class ReturnAddressValue extends RETValue

   Stores a single return address (i.e., a program counter/index into the code array).

   Stores a single return address (i.e., a program counter/index into the code array).

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

   Note

   Though the framework completely handles all aspects related to return address values, it is nevertheless necessary that this class inherits from Value as return addresses are stored on the stack/in the registers. However, if the Value trait should be refined, all additional methods may – from the point-of-view of OPAL-AI – just throw an UnsupportedOperationException as these additional methods will never be called by the OPAL-AI.

5.  class ReturnAddressValues extends RETValue

   A collection of (not further stored) return address values.

   A collection of (not further stored) return address values. Primarily used when we join the executions of subroutines.

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

6.  trait TypedValue[+T <: Type] extends Value with KnownTypedValue

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

7.  trait Value extends ValueInformation

   Abstracts over a concrete operand stack value or a value stored in one of the local variables/registers.

   Abstracts over a concrete operand stack value or a value stored in one of the local variables/registers.

   Use Of Value/Dependencies On Value

   In general, subclasses and users of a Domain should not have/declare a direct dependency on Value. Instead they should use DomainValue as otherwise extensibility of a Domain may be hampered or even be impossible. The only exceptions are, of course, classes that directly inherit from this class.

   Refining Value

   If you directly extend/refine this trait (i.e., in a subclass of the Domain trait you write something like trait Value extends super.Value), make sure that you also extend all classes/traits that inherit from this type (this may require a deep mixin composition and that you refine the type DomainType accordingly). However, OPAL was designed such that extending this class should – in general – not be necessary. It may also be easier to encode the desired semantics – as far as possible – as part of the domain.

   Implementing Value

   Standard inheritance from this trait is always supported and is the primary mechanism to model an abstract domain's lattice w.r.t. some special type of value. In general, the implementation should try to avoid creating new instances of values unless strictly required to model the domain's semantics. This will greatly improve the overall performance as this framework heavily uses reference-based equality checks to speed up the evaluation.

   Definition Classes

   ValuesDomain

   Note

   OPAL does not rely on any special equality semantics w.r.t. values and never directly or indirectly calls a Value's equals method. Hence, a domain can encode equality such that it best fits its need. However, some of the provided domains rely on the following semantics for equals: Two domain values have to be equal (==) iff they represent the same information. This includes additional information, such as, the value of the origin. E.g., a value (AnIntegerValue) that represents an arbitrary Integer value has to return true if the domain value with which it is compared also represents an arbitrary Integer value (AnIntegerValue). However, it may still be necessary to use multiple objects to represent an arbitrary integer value if, e.g., constraints should be attached to specific values. For example, after a comparison of an integer value with a predefined value (e.g., AnIntegerValue < 4) it is possible to constrain the respective value on the subsequent paths (< 4 on one path and >= 4 on the other path). To make that possible, it is however necessary to distinguish the AnIntegervalue from some other AnIntegerValue to avoid constraining unrelated values.

   public void foo(int a,int b) {
       if(a < 4) {
           z = a - 2 // here a is constrained (< 4), b and z are unconstrained
       }
       else {
           z = a + 2 // here a is constrained (>= 4), b and z are unconstrained
       }
   }

   In general, equals is only defined for values belonging to the same domain. If values need to be compared across domains, they need to be adapted to a target domain first.

8.  class AnIntegerValue extends (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#AnIntegerValueLike

   Represents a specific but unknown Integer value.

   Represents a specific but unknown Integer value.

   Note

   The functionality to propagate a constraint crucially depends on the fact that two integer values that are not guaranteed to represent the same runtime value are represented by two different instances of "AnIntegerValue"; otherwise, propagating the constraint that some value (after some kind of check) has to have a special value may affect unrelated values!

9.  final type DomainIllegalValue = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#IllegalValue

   Abstracts over the concrete type of IllegalValue.

   Abstracts over the concrete type of IllegalValue.

   This type needs to be refined whenever the class IllegalValue is refined or the type DomainValue is refined.

   Definition Classes

   DefaultSpecialDomainValuesBinding → ValuesDomain

10.  abstract type DomainReferenceValue >: Null <: (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#ReferenceValue with (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#DomainTypedValue[ReferenceType]

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

11.  final type DomainReturnAddressValue = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#ReturnAddressValue

    Abstracts over the concrete type of ReturnAddressValue.

    Abstracts over the concrete type of ReturnAddressValue. Needs to be fixed by some sub-trait/sub-class. In the simplest case (i.e., when neither the Value trait nor the ReturnAddressValue trait was refined) it is sufficient to write:

    type DomainReturnAddressValue = ReturnAddressValue

    Definition Classes

    DefaultSpecialDomainValuesBinding → ValuesDomain

12.  final type DomainReturnAddressValues = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#ReturnAddressValues

    Definition Classes

    DefaultSpecialDomainValuesBinding → ValuesDomain

13.  final type DomainTypedValue[+T <: Type] = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#TypedValue[T]

    Definition Classes

    DefaultSpecialDomainValuesBinding → ValuesDomain

14.  final type DomainValue = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#Value

    Abstracts over the concrete type of Value.

    Abstracts over the concrete type of Value. Needs to be refined by traits that inherit from Domain and which extend Domain's Value trait.

    Definition Classes

    DefaultSpecialDomainValuesBinding → ValuesDomain

15.  type ExceptionValue = (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#DomainReferenceValue

    A simple type alias of the type DomainValue; used to facilitate comprehension.

    A simple type alias of the type DomainValue; used to facilitate comprehension.

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

16.  type ExceptionValues = Iterable[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#ExceptionValue]

    A type alias for Iterables of ExceptionValues; used to facilitate comprehension.

    A type alias for Iterables of ExceptionValues; used to facilitate comprehension.

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

17.  class IntegerRange extends (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#IntegerRangeLike

    Represents a specific integer value in the range [lowerBound,upperBound].

18.  type IntegerValueOrArithmeticException = Computation[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#DomainValue, (DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#ExceptionValue]

    Computation that returns a numeric value or an ObjectType.ArithmeticException.

    Computation that returns a numeric value or an ObjectType.ArithmeticException.

    Definition Classes

    IntegerValuesDomain

19.  type Locals = collection.mutable.Locals[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#DomainValue]

    An instruction's current register values/locals are represented using an array.

    An instruction's current register values/locals are represented using an array.

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

20.  type LocalsArray = Array[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#Locals]

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

21.  type Operands = List[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#DomainValue]

    An instruction's operands are represented using a list where the first element of the list represents the top level operand stack value.

    An instruction's operands are represented using a list where the first element of the list represents the top level operand stack value.

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

22.  type OperandsArray = Array[(DefaultIntegerRangeValues.this)#Operands]

    Definition Classes

    ValuesDomain

23.  trait AnIntegerValueLike extends (IntegerRangeValues.this)#IntegerLikeValue

    Represents an (unknown) integer value.

    Represents an (unknown) integer value.

    Models the top value of this domain's lattice.

    Definition Classes

    IntegerRangeValues

24.  sealed trait IntegerLikeValue extends (IntegerRangeValues.this)#TypedValue[CTIntType] with IsIntegerValue

    Abstracts over all values with computational type integer.

    Abstracts over all values with computational type integer.

    Definition Classes

    IntegerRangeValues

25.  abstract class IntegerRangeLike extends (IntegerRangeValues.this)#IntegerLikeValue

    Represents a range of integer values.

    Represents a range of integer values. The range's bounds are inclusive. Unless a range has only one value it is impossible to tell whether or not a value that is in the range will potentially occur at runtime.

    Definition Classes

    IntegerRangeValues